PRKAG3

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
PRKAG3
Identifiers
AliasesPRKAG3, AMPKG3, protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit gamma 3, SMGMQTL
External IDsMGI: 1891343; HomoloGene: 23006; GeneCards: PRKAG3; OMA:PRKAG3 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chromosome 2 (human)
Chr.Chromosome 2 (human)[1]
Chromosome 2 (human)
Genomic location for PRKAG3
Genomic location for PRKAG3
Band2q35Start218,822,383 bp[1]
End218,832,086 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse)
Chromosome 1 (mouse)
Chr.Chromosome 1 (mouse)[2]
Chromosome 1 (mouse)
Genomic location for PRKAG3
Genomic location for PRKAG3
Band1|1 C4Start74,778,081 bp[2]
End74,788,380 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern
Bgee
HumanMouse (ortholog)
Top expressed in
  • gastrocnemius muscle

  • tibialis anterior muscle

  • skeletal muscle tissue

  • quadriceps femoris muscle

  • vastus lateralis muscle

  • biceps brachii

  • deltoid muscle

  • jejunum

  • thymus

  • ascending aorta
Top expressed in
  • triceps brachii muscle

  • vastus lateralis muscle

  • knee joint

  • tibialis anterior muscle

  • skeletal muscle tissue

  • sternocleidomastoid muscle

  • temporal muscle

  • ankle

  • body of femur

  • digastric muscle
More reference expression data
BioGPS
n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function
  • nucleotide binding
  • AMP-activated protein kinase activity
  • ATP binding
  • protein kinase binding
  • adenyl ribonucleotide binding
Cellular component
  • cytosol
  • nucleotide-activated protein kinase complex
  • nucleoplasm
  • extracellular space
Biological process
  • intracellular signal transduction
  • lipid metabolism
  • fatty acid metabolic process
  • protein phosphorylation
  • fatty acid biosynthetic process
  • glycogen biosynthetic process
  • macroautophagy
  • regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator
  • regulation of macroautophagy
  • glycolytic process
  • response to muscle activity involved in regulation of muscle adaptation
  • regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

53632

241113

Ensembl

ENSG00000115592

ENSMUSG00000006542

UniProt

Q9UGI9

Q8BGM7

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_017431

NM_153744
NM_153745

RefSeq (protein)

NP_059127

NP_714966

Location (UCSC)Chr 2: 218.82 – 218.83 MbChr 1: 74.78 – 74.79 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKAG3 gene.[5][6]

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a regulatory subunit of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK is a heterotrimer consisting of an alpha catalytic subunit, and non-catalytic beta and gamma subunits. AMPK is an important energy-sensing enzyme that monitors cellular energy status. In response to cellular metabolic stresses, AMPK is activated, and thus phosphorylates and inactivates acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and beta-hydroxy beta-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), key enzymes involved in regulating de novo biosynthesis of fatty acid and cholesterol. This subunit is one of the gamma regulatory subunits of AMPK. It is dominantly expressed in skeletal muscle. Studies of the pig counterpart suggest that this subunit may play a key role in the regulation of energy metabolism in skeletal muscle.[6]

References

  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000115592 – Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000006542 – Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Milan D, Jeon JT, Looft C, Amarger V, Robic A, Thelander M, Rogel-Gaillard C, Paul S, Iannuccelli N, Rask L, Ronne H, Lundström K, Reinsch N, Gellin J, Kalm E, Roy PL, Chardon P, Andersson L (May 2000). "A mutation in PRKAG3 associated with excess glycogen content in pig skeletal muscle". Science. 288 (5469): 1248–51. Bibcode:2000Sci...288.1248M. doi:10.1126/science.288.5469.1248. PMID 10818001.
  6. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: PRKAG3 protein kinase, AMP-activated, gamma 3 non-catalytic subunit".

Further reading

  • Woods A, Cheung PC, Smith FC, Davison MD, Scott J, Beri RK, Carling D (1996). "Characterization of AMP-activated protein kinase beta and gamma subunits. Assembly of the heterotrimeric complex in vitro". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (17): 10282–90. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.48.30517. PMID 8626596.
  • Cheung PC, Salt IP, Davies SP, Hardie DG, Carling D (2000). "Characterization of AMP-activated protein kinase gamma-subunit isoforms and their role in AMP binding". Biochem. J. 346 Pt 3 (3): 659–69. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3460659. PMC 1220898. PMID 10698692.
  • Nielsen JN, Mustard KJ, Graham DA, Yu H, MacDonald CS, Pilegaard H, Goodyear LJ, Hardie DG, Richter EA, Wojtaszewski JF (2003). "5'-AMP-activated protein kinase activity and subunit expression in exercise-trained human skeletal muscle". J. Appl. Physiol. 94 (2): 631–41. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00642.2002. PMID 12391032.
  • Jeon JT, Park EW, Jeon HJ, Kim TH, Lee KT, Cheong IC (2004). "A large-insert porcine library with sevenfold genome coverage: a tool for positional cloning of candidate genes for major quantitative traits". Mol. Cells. 16 (1): 113–6. doi:10.1016/S1016-8478(23)13774-5. PMID 14503854.
  • Mahlapuu M, Johansson C, Lindgren K, Hjälm G, Barnes BR, Krook A, Zierath JR, Andersson L, Marklund S (2004). "Expression profiling of the gamma-subunit isoforms of AMP-activated protein kinase suggests a major role for gamma3 in white skeletal muscle". Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 286 (2): E194–200. doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00147.2003. PMID 14559719.
  • Amarger V, Erlandsson R, Pielberg G, Jeon JT, Andersson L (2003). "Comparative sequence analysis of the PRKAG3 region between human and pig: evolution of repetitive sequences and potential new exons". Cytogenet. Genome Res. 102 (1–4): 163–72. doi:10.1159/000075743. PMID 14970697. S2CID 2854577.
  • Park HB, Marklund S, Jeon JT, Mickelson JR, Valberg SJ, Sandberg K, Andersson L (2003). "Molecular characterization and mutational screening of the PRKAG3 gene in the horse". Cytogenet. Genome Res. 102 (1–4): 211–16. doi:10.1159/000075751. PMID 14970705. S2CID 6972588.
  • Barnes BR, Long YC, Steiler TL, Leng Y, Galuska D, Wojtaszewski JF, Andersson L, Zierath JR (2006). "Changes in exercise-induced gene expression in 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase gamma3-null and gamma3 R225Q transgenic mice". Diabetes. 54 (12): 3484–9. doi:10.2337/diabetes.54.12.3484. PMID 16306365.
  • Lindgren K, Ormestad M, Persson M, Martinsson S, Svensson LT, Mahlapuu M (2007). "Regulation of the muscle-specific AMP-activated protein kinase alpha2beta2gamma3 complexes by AMP and implications of the mutations in the gamma3-subunit for the AMP dependence of the enzyme". FEBS J. 274 (11): 2887–96. doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.05821.x. PMID 17518971. S2CID 82469680.
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Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinases (EC 2.7.11.1)
Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (EC 2.7.11.2)
Dephospho-(reductase kinase) kinase (EC 2.7.11.3)
3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring) kinase (EC 2.7.11.4)
(isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP+)) kinase (EC 2.7.11.5)
(tyrosine 3-monooxygenase) kinase (EC 2.7.11.6)
Myosin-heavy-chain kinase (EC 2.7.11.7)
Fas-activated serine/threonine kinase (EC 2.7.11.8)
Goodpasture-antigen-binding protein kinase (EC 2.7.11.9)
  • -
IκB kinase (EC 2.7.11.10)
cAMP-dependent protein kinase (EC 2.7.11.11)
cGMP-dependent protein kinase (EC 2.7.11.12)
Protein kinase C (EC 2.7.11.13)
Rhodopsin kinase (EC 2.7.11.14)
Beta adrenergic receptor kinase (EC 2.7.11.15)
G-protein coupled receptor kinases (EC 2.7.11.16)
Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent (EC 2.7.11.17)
Myosin light-chain kinase (EC 2.7.11.18)
Phosphorylase kinase (EC 2.7.11.19)
Elongation factor 2 kinase (EC 2.7.11.20)
Polo kinase (EC 2.7.11.21)
Serine/threonine-specific protein kinases (EC 2.7.11.21-EC 2.7.11.30)
Polo kinase (EC 2.7.11.21)
Cyclin-dependent kinase (EC 2.7.11.22)
(RNA-polymerase)-subunit kinase (EC 2.7.11.23)
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (EC 2.7.11.24)
MAP3K (EC 2.7.11.25)
Tau-protein kinase (EC 2.7.11.26)
(acetyl-CoA carboxylase) kinase (EC 2.7.11.27)
  • -
Tropomyosin kinase (EC 2.7.11.28)
  • -
Low-density-lipoprotein receptor kinase (EC 2.7.11.29)
  • -
Receptor protein serine/threonine kinase (EC 2.7.11.30)
MAP2K
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