Papiermark Jerman

Papiermark (pengucapanⓘ; bahasa Indonesia: "markah kertas", yang secara resmi disebut Mark, tanda: ℳ) adalah mata uang Jerman dari 4 Agustus 1914[1] saat hubungan antara Goldmark dan emas ditiadakan, karena Perang Dunia I. Papiermark adalah mata uang yang dikeluarkan saat hiperinflasi di Jerman pada 1922 dan 1923.

Catatan

Kutipan

  1. ^ Knapp, George Friedrich (1924), The State Theory of Money, Macmillan and Company, hlm. vxi 

Referensi

  • Barisheff, Nick (2013). $10,000 Gold – Why Gold’s Inevitable Rise is the Investor’s Safe Haven. John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd. ISBN 978-1-118-44350-7. 
  • Cuhaj, George S., ed. (2009). Standard Catalog of World Paper Money Specialized Issues (edisi ke-11). Krause. ISBN 978-1-4402-0450-0. 
  • Cuhaj, George S., ed. (2010). Standard Catalog of World Paper Money General Issues (1368-1960) (edisi ke-13). Krause. ISBN 978-1-4402-1293-2. [pranala nonaktif permanen]
  • Fischer, Wolfgang C., ed. (2010). German Hyperinflation 1922/23: A Law and Eonomics Approach. Josef Eul Verlag GmbH. ISBN 978-3-89936-931-1. 
  • GermanNotes.com (2005). German Paper Money 1871-1999. eBook from germannotes.com
  • Kelly, William J. (1920). "The Situation at Danzig". Journal of the American-Polish Chamber of Commerce and Industry. American-Polish Chamber of Commerce and Industry. 1 (6). 
  • Krause, Chester L., and Clifford Mishler (1991). Standard Catalog of World Coins: 1801–1991 (edisi ke-18th). Krause Publications. ISBN 0873411501. Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (link)
  • Pick, Albert (1994). Standard Catalog of World Paper Money: General Issues. Colin R. Bruce II and Neil Shafer (editors) (edisi ke-7th). Krause Publications. ISBN 0-87341-207-9. 
  • Rand McNally (1911). "The Rand-McNally Banker's Director and List of Attorneys". Rand McNally International Bankers Directory. Rand McNally & Company. 70 (1). 
  • Widdig, Bernd (2001). Culture and Inflation in Weimar Germany. University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-22290-3. 

Pranala luar

  • Exchange rates