ITGAE

ITGAE
Identifiers
Aliases	ITGAE, CD103, HUMINAE, integrin subunit alpha E
External IDs	OMIM: 604682; MGI: 1298377; HomoloGene: 113560; GeneCards: ITGAE; OMA:ITGAE - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 17 (human)[1] Band 17p13.2 Start 3,714,628 bp[1] End 3,801,188 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 11 (mouse)[2] Band 11 B4|11 45.22 cM Start 72,981,409 bp[2] End 73,038,272 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in oocyte secondary oocyte glutes muscle of arm biceps brachii putamen triceps brachii muscle caudate nucleus monocyte lymph node Top expressed in seminiferous tubule spermatid spermatocyte mesenteric lymph nodes Paneth cell lumbar subsegment of spinal cord blood jejunum thymus duodenum More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function metal ion binding Cellular component integral component of membrane integrin complex plasma membrane external side of plasma membrane membrane Biological process integrin-mediated signaling pathway cell adhesion extracellular matrix organization Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 3682 16407 Ensembl ENSG00000083457 ENSMUSG00000005947 UniProt P38570 Q60677 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_002208 NM_008399 NM_172944 NM_001361245 RefSeq (protein) NP_002199 NP_032425 NP_001348174 Location (UCSC) Chr 17: 3.71 – 3.8 Mb Chr 11: 72.98 – 73.04 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Integrin, alpha E (ITGAE) also known as CD103 (cluster of differentiation 103) is an integrin protein that in human is encoded by the ITGAE gene.^[5][6] CD103 binds integrin beta 7 (β7– ITGB7) to form the complete heterodimeric integrin molecule αEβ7, which has no distinct name. The αEβ7 complex is often referred to as "CD103" though this strictly refers only to the αE chain. Note that the β7 subunit can bind with other integrin α chains, such as α4 (CD49d).

Tissue distribution

CD103 is expressed widely on intraepithelial lymphocyte (IEL) T cells (both αβ T cells and γδ T cells) and on some peripheral regulatory T cells (Tregs).^[7] It has also been reported on lamina propria T cells.^[8] A subset of dendritic cells in the gut mucosa and mesenteric lymph nodes, known as CD103 dendritic cells, also expresses this marker.^[9]

It is useful in identifying hairy cell leukemia which is positive for this marker in contrast to most other hematologic malignancies which are negative for CD103 except for hairy cell leukemia variant, a fraction of splenic marginal zone lymphomas, and enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma.^[10]

Function

The chief ligand for αEβ7 is E-cadherin, a cellular adhesion molecule (CAM) found on epithelial cells.^[11] It is probably important for T cell homing to the intestinal sites^[12] and thymocyte contacts with thymic reticuloepithelial cells.^[13]

Tregs are important for decreasing the immune response and appear to play a crucial role in the prevention of autoimmune diseases. Tregs are defined as CD4⁺/CD25⁺/Foxp3⁺ cells.^[14] Some CD4⁺/FoxP3⁻ cells also express CD103 and have been attributed regulatory activity. It is unclear whether the presence of CD103 on Treg cells represents a specialized feature for Treg, or Treg differentiation of IEL T cells.

See also

• Cluster of differentiation
• Tissue-resident memory T cell

References

Further reading

External links

• ITGAE+protein,+human at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• ITGAE Info with links in the Cell Migration Gateway Archived 2014-12-11 at the Wayback Machine